![]() ![]() These sales also created room for Pueblo cultural expression in the face of the forced assimilation policy by the U.S. ![]() The sales of Indigenous hand-made objects for the non-Native market helped Pueblos to survive economically. in 1848 as a result of the Mexican-American War. Meanwhile, Pueblo communities needed to earn cash due to the reduction of the land available for agriculture and hunting due to the encroachment of Anglo and Hispanic ranchers seeking to increase their production of beef as well as the increased presence of a cash economy after New Mexico was annexed by the U.S. Along with the railroad run by Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe (AT & SF) Railway, Fred Harvey Company’s hotels sold Indigenous hand-made objects and set up demonstrations of ceremonial dances as well as the making of Indigenous arts like Pueblo pottery and Diné (Navajo) weavings. As the result of railroad tourism in the American Southwest from the 1890s, Pueblo pottery became widely popular among white urban middle- and upper-middle-class individuals. ![]() The significant stylistic change from black-on-cream wares in San Ildefonso pottery around the turn of the twentieth century, and the invention of polished black-on-black wares in the late 1910s, were the result of Pueblo communities’ increased contact with U.S. Navaho Indians among them Elle, the most famous weaver among the Navahos, and Tom of Ganado, her husband, and Indians from other tribes-Santo Domingo, Isleta, Laguna, and San Felipi,” a postcard from the Fred Harvey series, c. \): “Indian work room, Indian Building, Albuquerque, New Mexico. ![]()
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